Vedic Maths

Ancient calculation shortcuts for multiplication and squaring

Nikhilam Multiplication

Multiply two numbers that are both just under 100 or 1000

Vertical-crosswise multiplication for any two 2-digit numbers

Square numbers close to 100 or 1000 in your head

One of the most famous Vedic shortcuts — square any "n5" instantly

Multiply a number by a run of nines without ever multiplying by 9

A famous special case: e.g. 43 × 47 — both start with 4, and 3 + 7 = 10